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Glossary — G

Galley Proof

Proof of type from any Source, whether metal type or photo type. Also called checker and slip proof. 

Gate Fold

 A sheet that folds where both sides fold toward the gutter in overlapping layers. 

Gathered

Signatures assembled next to each other in the proper sequence for binding, as compared to nested. Also called stacked. 

Gloss

 Consider the light reflecting on various objects in the printing industry (e.g., paper, ink, laminates, UV coating, varnish). 

Gloss Ink

Ink used and printed on coated stock (mostly litho and letterpress) such as the ink will dry without penetration. 

Grade

General term used to distinguish between or among printing papers, but whose specific meaning depends on context. Grade can refer to the category, class, rating, finish or brand of paper. 

Graduated Screen Tint

Screen tint that changes densities gradually and smoothly, not in distinct steps. Also called degrade, gradient, ramped screen and vignette. 

Grain Direction

Predominant direction in which fibers in paper become aligned during manufacturing. Also called machine direction. 

Grain Long Paper

Paper whose fibers run parallel to the long dimension of the sheet. Also called long grain paper and narrow web paper. 

Grain Short Paper

Paper whose fibers run parallel to the short dimension of the sheet. Also called short grain paper and wide web paper. 

Grammage

Basis weight of paper in grams per square meter (gsm). 

Graphic Arts

The crafts, industries and professions related to designing and printing on paper and other substrates. 

Graphic Design

Arrangement of type and visual elements along with specifications for paper, ink colors and printing processes that, when combined, convey a visual message. 

Graphics

Visual elements that supplement type to make printed messages more clear or interesting. 

Gravure

Method of printing using metal cylinders etched with millions of tiny wells that hold ink. 

Gray Balance

Printed cyan, magenta and yellow halftone dots that accurately, reproduce a neutral gray image. 

Gray Component Replacement

Technique of replacing gray tones in the yellow, cyan and magenta films, made while color separating, with black ink. Abbreviated GCR. Also called achromatic color removal. 

Gray Levels

Number of distinct gray tones that can be reproduced by a computer. 

Gray Scale

Strip of gray values ranging from white to black. Used by process camera and scanner operators to calibrate exposure times for film and plates. Also called step wedge. 

Grind Edge

Alternate term for binding edge when referring to perfect bound products. 

Grindoff

Approximately 1/8 inch (3 mm) along the spine that is ground off gathered signatures before perfect binding. 

Gripper Edge

 Edge of a sheet held by grippers on a sheetfed press, thus going first through the press. Also called feeding edge and leading edge. 

Groundwood Paper

Newsprint and other inexpensive paper made from pulp created when wood chips are ground mechanically rather than refined chemically.